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Java is an object-oriented programming language. Switching to object-oriented programming (OOP) from other programming paradigms can be difficult. Java focuses on creating objects (data structures or behaviors) that can be assessed and manipulated by the program. Like other programming languages, Java provides support for reading and writing data to and from different input and output devices.

Today we are in the Internet world and everyone prefers to enjoy fast access to the Internet. But due to multiple downloading, there is a chance that the system hangs up or slows down the performance that leads to the restarting of the entire process from the beginning. This is one of the serious problems that need the attention of the researchers.

This document contains some question based on COBOL with point to point answer. 1. Name the divisions in a COBOL program? a.IDENTIFICATION DIVISION b.ENVIRONMENT DIVISION c.DATA DIVISION d.PROCEDURE DIVISION. 2. What are the different data types available in COBOL? Alpha-numeric (X), alphabetic (A) numeric (9).

JDK 1.5 introduces several extensions to the Java programming language. One of these is the introduction of generics. This tutorial is aimed at introducing you to generics. You may be familiar with similar constructs from other languages, most notably C++ templates. If so, you?ll soon see that there are both similarities and important differences. If you are not familiar with look-a-alike constructs from elsewhere, all the better; you can start afresh, without unlearning any misconceptions.

The Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) is just one part of a larger initiative to make Java work on small computing devices, the Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME). Before starting our exploration of the MIDP, we need to step back and understand what J2ME is and how it evolved. This chapter provides you with a broad overview of J2ME and the MIDP?s place in it, including the Connected Limited Device Configuration on which it is based. For a more comprehensive look at J2ME, refer to Eric Gigu?re?s Java 2 Micro Edition, also part of John Wiley & Sons? Professional Developer?s Guide series.

In the "old days" of the World Wide Web (three whole years ago), there were two ways to get information (also called content) to the user. The primary way was through HTML (HyperText Markup Language), the language used to write Web pages. HTML enables you to present text and certain types of graphics (as well as links to connect one page to another page) either on the same computer or somewhere else in the world.

This tutorial shows you how to use an XML parser and other tools to create, process, and manipulate XML documents. Best of all, every tool discussed here is freely available at IBM?s alphaWorks site (www.alphaworks.ibm.com) and other places on the Web.An XML application is typically built around an XML parser. It has an interface to its users, and an interface to some sort of back-end data store.

here is a primer for the absolute beginner. It walks through the most basic of computer science concepts and works the true beginner up to the point where he can leave this primer and move on down the list of tutorials and reference resources I have included at the bottom and eventually become a real programmer. 1 - This is intended for the absolute beginner and will cover only the most basic of CS (Computer Science) terms and concepts. In other words, you will NOT be a programmer by the time you finish reading this. 2 - The OO language I am personally most familiar with is Java, and as the greatest current amateur educational demand is Java (hey, it's free), this primer includes mostly Java-related references and resources at the end. 3 - All of the concepts covered here are common to all programming languages, both procedural languages and OO languages.

Software Maintenance is a very broad activity that includes error corrections, enhancements of capabilities, deletion of obsolete capabilities, and optimization. There are long term effects of corrective, adaptive and perfective changes. This leads to increase in the complexity of the software, which reflect deteriorating structure. The work is required to be done to maintain it or to reduce it, if possible. This work may be named as preventive maintenance.

Testing is the process of executing a program with the intent of finding errors.We should test the program´s responses to every possible input. It means, we should test for all valid and invalid inputs. Suppose a program requires two 8 bit integers as inputs. Total possible combinations are 28x28. If only one second it required to execute one set of inputs, it may take 18 hours to test all combinations. Practically, inputs are more than two and size is also more than 8 bits. We have also not considered invalid inputs where so many combinations are possible. Hence, complete testing is just not possible, although, we may wish to do so.